Deep in the mountains, lives the Troggle clan—short humanoid creatures who live peacefully together in a small village.
There are two kinds of Troggles: brown and pink--and, other than their skin color, they are exactly the same physically in every respect. Virtually all the huts in the Troggle village consist of a brown and a pink Troggle living together as a family unit.
Troggles subsist on one thing, and one thing only: ice cream. At the back of their village lies a huge factory where most Troggles work during the day, producing all the ice cream the village needs to survive. Once a day, each brown Troggle receives a container of chocolate ice cream from the factory, and each pink Troggle receives a container of strawberry ice cream.
In one corner of the village are four huts, each with one brown and one pink Troggle living within.
In the first hut, we have Alex and Bobby Troggle. Alex, a brown Troggle, gets its chocolate ice cream from the factory every day, and is happy. Bobby, a pink Troggle, gets its strawberry ice cream from the factory every day, and is happy. Neither one has any complaints about how things are.
Not so for Chris and Dorsey Troggle, who live next door. Chris, a brown Troggle, receives its chocolate ice cream from the factory every day, and is happy. However, Dorsey, Chris’s pink companion, is not satisfied with the strawberry ice cream it receives every day.
“I don’t care much for strawberry ice cream,” Dorsey says, “I’d rather have chocolate”.
But, the factory elders say, you’re a pink Troggle. Pink Troggles get strawberry ice cream. That’s how it is.
“I’d rather have chocolate…” Dorsey says, and goes home unsatisfied.
Across the road, live Leslie and Morgan Troggle. Leslie, the pink Troggle, receives strawberry ice cream every day and is happy, however its companion Morgan is not satisfied with the chocolate ice cream it receives.
“I don’t like chocolate ice cream much,” Morgan says to the factory elders, “can I have strawberry instead?”
No, say the elders, you’re a brown Troggle. Brown Troggles get chocolate ice cream. That’s how it is.
“I’d rather have strawberry,” says Morgan. “It’s not fair that I can’t have strawberry just because I’m brown.”
That’s silly, respond the elders, there’s nothing ‘unfair’ about it.
“Both flavors of ice cream are made with the same quality ingredients and provide the same amount of nutrition,” says one elder, “there’s no difference between them other than color, and no reason to suppose one is somehow ‘better’ than the other. Therefore there’s no real reason why Troggle society should allow you to have a different color ice cream than everyone else.”
“Our factory produces a certain amount of chocolate and a certain amount of strawberry every day”, says another elder, “if brown Troggles started eating strawberry ice cream instead of chocolate, we’d soon run out of strawberry, and the extra chocolate would go to waste. Can’t you see it’s much more efficient the way things are?”
“I’d rather have strawberry…” says Morgan, and goes home unsatisfied.
In the fourth hut, live Sam and Taylor Troggle. Sam, a brown Troggle, discovered some time ago it preferred strawberry to chocolate. Likewise, Taylor, its pink Troggle companion, happens to prefer chocolate to strawberry. So, every day they dutifully bring their allotted ice cream home…and then switch with each other. Both end up (albeit unconventionally) satisfied and happy.
Discussion Questions:
(1) The village policy is:
(a) Fair towards everyone
(b) Unfair towards everyone
(c) Unfair towards pink Troggles only.
(d) Unfair towards brown Troggles only.
(e) Unfair towards Dorsey and Morgan specifically, but fair towards everyone else.
(2) If (c), (d) or (e), can the village policy be fair to some and unfair to others if the policy treats everyone exactly the same? If so, how?
(3) Does the color of the ‘elders’ of the village matter? If so, how?
(4) If the factory output of both flavors is indeed fixed, what restrictions are ‘proper’ for the village in order to ensure no shortage or waste occurs? Would it be more or less fair to everyone for the village to grant the ability to choose ice cream flavor to some Troggles and not others? What happens if everyone is granted the ability to choose and the choices aren’t divided 50/50?